A payable-on-death account, also called a POD account or sometimes a transfer-on-death (TOD) account, is a common way to keep bank and investment accounts out of probate, the court-supervised process that oversees distributing a deceased person’s property. Most people want to avoid their estate going through probate because their heirs will receive the inheritance faster, privately, and at lower cost.
Is a POD account an appropriate solution for your needs? Let’s examine what payable-on-death accounts do and how they fit into the overall picture.
Payable-on-Death Accounts: The Nuts and Bolts
A payable-on-death account designation can be set up for savings, checking, certificates of deposit, U.S. savings bonds, and investment accounts. Upon the death of the account holder, the funds in the account pass directly to the named beneficiary.
Setting up a payable-on-death account is usually very easy. Typically, there’s a form you have to complete and sign to select your beneficiary or beneficiaries. Additionally, you can change beneficiaries whenever you like or name several beneficiaries (allowing them to split the money).
After the death of the payable-on-death account holder, the beneficiary can claim the money in a fairly simple process. Often, the beneficiary will need to show ID, provide a copy of the death certificate, and complete some forms provided by the financial institution.
Pros and Cons of Payable-on-Death Accounts:
So, payable-on-death accounts sounds great because they are easy. But, there can be significant problems using this as the primary tool for passing along what you’ve worked to build.
What if a beneficiary predeceases you? If you do not name new ones before you die, then your estate is back to probate, thus negating the primary advantage of establishing the payable-on-death account in the first place!
What if the beneficiary is in the middle of a bankruptcy, divorce, or lawsuit? Because a payable-on-death account transfers the money to the beneficiary without any protection. Your beneficiary may lose his or her entire inheritance simply because the death of the payable-on-death account owner occurred at the “wrong” time.
What if you are in a car crash and rendered legally incapacitated and unable to make decisions? The named beneficiary cannot access funds to provide for your needs. payable-on-death accounts only function at death. They provide no protection in the event of your incapacity.
Trusts: A Comprehensive Solution
Here’s a comprehensive solution: establish a revocable living trust to hold your accounts. Just like a payable-on-death account, a fully-funded trust avoids probate and is private. But, unlike a payable-on-death account, it can incorporate alternate beneficiaries, so your assets avoid court even if someone predeceases you. You can also provide long-term asset protection for your beneficiaries, protecting them against lawsuits, judgments, divorce, and bankruptcy courts. If you become incapacitated due to an accident or illness, the successor trustee can use the assets in your trust to pay for your care. Trusts provide all the benefits and peace of mind of a payable-on-death account without many of the downsides.
Remember: Estate Planning Tools are Context Dependent
Rather than pick tools out of a hat, you first need clarity on the big picture. What are your goals and priorities? What challenges do you face now—or do you anticipate confronting? Whom do you want to protect? What kind of legacy do you hope to leave?
Our firm can help organize your thinking and help you select appropriate planning tools from the arsenal. Want to discuss payable-on-death accounts, living trusts, or just your future in general? Please call or email us to set up a private appointment. Nielsen Law PLLC provides family focused estate planning to individuals and families in Austin, Round Rock, Cedar Park, and the Central Texas area. For more information and to learn about our firm, please contact us.
